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H. RODMAN.

LIGHT COKE PRODUCT AND METHOD OF MAKlNG SAME.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22, 1915.

1,334,404. Patented Mar. 23, 1920.

f INVENTOR.

HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT.

, I preferably, employ. crushed oripowdered T DSTAT ATENT OFFICE. HUGH Romulm, PEiiiisrLvninA, AssiGno 6 5M e COMPANY, or inns'r fljirrsnunent rnmwsgnv 33 341 9 E K e savann LI Hr-coKn PRopUc'r'ANnMETHO ormnkmd 1 To all whom itmag concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH: Ron NQa citizen ofthe United States, and aresident of Edgewood, in the county "of Allegheny] and State of Pennsylvania,haveiuadea new and useful Invention-in Li ht-Coke Product and Method of Making ame of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates tolight coke products; to the production of light coke, and

also to the production of compound light coke.

ing a density less than thatlof coke produced by ordinary commercial methods, or coke having a density equal to orless than that of charcoal. By the term-' Fcompound light coke I meanlight coke'in which other ma;

fused.

An object of invention is to produce" a simple and effectivemethod of manufac turing light coke. A further object is to produce a method of mixing light coke with othermaterials or other chemicalreagents. I A further object is to produce a chemical product containing coke which is more active chemically than similarvproducts now in use. and known to me. i

The process ofproducing light coke here-J in set forth as an embodiment of the present invention consists broadly inisubject ing coking coal to a, coking heat and of simultaneously tumbling or agitating it in a mass of'hot material such, for example, as coke in granular or subdivided. form, as, is set forth in my coep'ending application No. 35,594. t In carrying out the process commercially coal, which is introduced into a rotating kiln in such a Way that it falls. upon amass of hot tumbling; coke and, is immediately a em t s ins ea i b e By the term light coke? Imean coke have,

speeification'of Iietters Patent. w Pa teflted Mar; 23, 1920. I Application filedjJune 22, 1915.; Serial No. 35,592. I

vformed in large agglomerates" such as form in the manufacture of cokeby the ordinary process.

In the drawings accompanying and form lng a part hereof I ihave illustrated diagrame tating drum,3 having a shape resembling that of the-frustum of'a Come. The base 4 of the frustum-shaped kiln is provided: with a feed opening 5 into whichthe coal is fed and which is vof less diameter than the discharge opening 6 locatedat the o 'posite end of the kiln. One feature of the iln isithat the tumbling floor 7 is-inclined, so that the dust and small particles resultin from the abrasion of the tumbling mass 0 coke'will gravitate toward the deepest part. of the kiln and there mix and agglomerate -with the incoming'coal. It willbe apparent that [this may be accomplished by providing kilns of various shapes and that an ordi nary cylindrical kiln may be employed provided its axis is inclined to thehorizontal a sufficient amount to provide a pocket at the feed end.

i It will also be obvious be of the form ofan ordinary cylindrical kiln'e'xceptthat it is providedwith a pocket,

that the kiln or portion of increased, diameter so located and arrangedthat the coal, prior to reaching the viscous state, is delivered to it and istumbled therein with a relatively; large subdivided massof l otcoke, in which the to g each other.

' In carrying out my I facture of light coke, Ia tumbling incan: descent mass, preferably:incandescent coke kiln 3 and crushed v or I powdered coal is 7 fed separate particlesare free to move relatively process in the manuv particles of low density is maintained in the I onto this tumbling mass through the feed opening 5 The wallsof the 'kiln illustrated are so formed that the operates, so far as its heating qualities are concerned; asa

reverberatory furnace The" heat reflected from the upper "portion of the inclined "wall of the kiln-is directed upon and helps main tain the heat of the mass near thefeed open- The crushed coal fed into the kiln is .su jected to a coking temperature and the volatile constituents liberated may be'fpar tially or wholly burned within the kiln forthe purpose of heating thc agitated or turnbling B12158. The coal. is subjected to the tumbling action of the mass contained within the kiln while it is undergoing the coking operation and under these conditions the coal is agglomerated into pebbles or relatively small masses which are delivered depth at the deepest portion of the kiln, I can produce coke having a density of onehalf that of ordinary coke. By varying the depth of the fuel bed and by varying the amount of coal fed to the kiln, I may vary the densit of the coke produced as desired.

I find t 'at when this low density coke is mixed or impregnated with various cheniicals or energizing substances, it is much more active than similar mixtures or im pregnations made of ordinary coke. Moreover,the lighter weight of the material is of advantage when surface rather than weight isthe requisite factor, as in" chemical reaction towers and'in carburizing operations.

In the manufacture" of compound light coke I either mix the agglomerates formed as alcove described, or light coke formed in an manner, with other material, such as chemical agents, or I may introduce the compounding material into the kiln with the coking coal. This latter method is particularly valuable when inixtiiires of coke and insoluble chemicals, such as lime, are desired, and it oflers a ready, means of bringing the coke and chemicals into intimate contactthroughout the mass.

As an example of manufacturing compound coke as above described, special reference may Mind to the manufacturing of such coke for carburizing purposes. In manufacturing carburizing material I mix the finely powdered coking coal with the dc sired energizing agent. For example, I mix finely powdered coking coal with sodium carbonate and calcium hydrate so that the mixture contains 10% of sodium carbonate and 15% of the hydrate. This mixture is then fed into the kiln throughthe feed opening 5 and ontothe tumbling mass otincandescent material contained within the kiln, The mixture entering the kiln falls upon the tumbling bed of hot coke particles'and is coked without adhering to thewalls of the furnace. The'resulting product consists of agglomerates of coke containing uniform,

amounts of the chemical agents or energiz ing material. By providing a kiln having an inclined tumbling-floor anda discharge opening so arranged that'its lowest edge is "the opening 6.

':duces the agglomerates above described, but

operates to grade and screen the material, since the fine dust formed by the abrasion dimingitumbling orotherwise, is moved to the deepest portion of the k1ln by the tumbl ng action, and only the coked masses ol the largest size are discharged through i In this way the size of the discharged masses may be regulated by varying the rate at which the mixture is fed into the kiln.

It'will be apparentthat this method may be employed in manufacturing compound coke containing various materials whether they aresoluble or insoluble, and that the resulting. product'will consist of'coke intimately mixed with the compounding material.

I have described the manufacture of com pound lightcoke as applied to the produc tion of carburizing material, but the same process may be employed in producing compound light coke for ther industrial uses, such as filling for chemical reaction towers, filteringjoperations, 'etc., where extended surface and'greatporosity are desired. I have also found that simple light coke, made as described. may be profitably used mixed or impregnated with various chemicals and: that such mixtures are more active than when ordinary dense coke is use i, as well as being li hter and therefore more economical.

hat I claim is: V

1'. The method of making l ght coke. which consists in feeding crushed coking coal'into a heated tumbling mass of separate particles, the mass being of sufficient size relatively to the amount of coal fed thereto as to insure a separation of the coal during the cokin process. in subiecting the coal to the'tumhling action of said mass as it passes through the viscous state and in discharging light cokeso' formed" from the surface of the tumblingmass. i

2'. The method of making light coke which consists in mixing crushed coking coal with a mass of separate particles of non-viscous material. in heating the mass and coal wh le subie t ng it to tumbling and until the coal has passed through the viscous state."

3; The method of making light coke which consists inmixing particles of coking i coal with a mass of coke particles, the mass being of suflicient size relatively to the coal contained therein to insure separation of the particles of uncoked coal as they pass through the viscous state and subjectingthe mass and the coal to a tumbling a ction while subjectingit to a coking temperature.

.4. The process 7 of making light coke vhich consists in feeding particles of coking coal intofahot and tumbling mass of non-v5iscous coke 1)articles, the mass being of. such size relatlvely to the al'nouiit otcoal ted hot, tumbling mass of non-viscous particles of previously cokecl coal, in subjecting the; mass to a coking temperature While ,tumbllng and in delivering light coke so iormed from the surface of the tumbling mass;

6. The process oi making light coke,

which consists in subjecting a mass of parti-; cles of coking coalto a coking temperature and separatlng the particles of the mass sof heated so that particles simultaneously pass ing through the viscous state do glonierate. o

7 The process of making compound light coke which consists in feeding particles of coking coal into a tumbling mass of nonviscous particles of such vo ume relatively through the viscous state.

to the amount of coal fed thereto as to insure a separation of the particles of coal during v the process of coking, of subjecting the tumbling mass to a coking temperature and insubjecting the coal particles to a pow- 8. The process of making compound light coke, which consists in feeding particles of coking coal into a tumbling mass of nonvlscous e0ke,sa1d mass being of such volume,

, dered compounding reagent While passing "throu h the VlSCOllS state.

relatively to the amount of coal fed thereto as to insure separationo'f the coal particles during the coking process, in subJectmg the Coal "to a cokingtemperature While tumbling in said mass, and bringing it in contact with acompounding reagent In testimony whereof; I have hereunto subscribed my name this 21stday of June,

HUGH RODMAN, Witnesses: I

C. W. MoGHEn, I E. W. MCCALLISTER;

While passing 7 

